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Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) Introduction
Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) Defined
Direct Potable Reuse (DPR), also called advanced water purification, is the process of treating wastewater to remove chemical and microbiological pollutants, and use the finished product as drinking water with no environmental buffer in between. For consistency, I will use the term direct potable reuse.
Successful DPR depends on robust monitoring at multiple points along the treatment process, not just at the start or finish.
States with Final Direct Potable Reuse Regulations
Several states have already passed laws and regulations to implement direct potable reuse programs. All regulatory programs entail many aspects, including technical and administrative provisions. However, the most important element for successful DPR is to ensure the finished water quality is safe through confirmed, validated, and robust treatment trains and accurate and timely monitoring. Also, it is not sufficient that monitoring be conducted at the start and finish of the processes, but at strategic points along the way to allow for a timely response. Monitoring remains the cornerstone of regulatory compliance and public health protection.
Several states have formal DPR regulations in place, emphasizing:
- Water quality safety through validated treatment trains
- Strategic monitoring at critical control points
- Compliance with federal and state drinking water standards
States with final DPR regulations:
- Arizona – Advanced Water Purification Rules (Arizona Administrative Code (AAC) Title 18, Chapter 9, Article 8)
- California – Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 17
- Colorado – Direct Potable Reuse Rule, 5 CCR 1002-11
- Florida – Florida Administrative Code 62-565
- Other states are implementing DPR projects on a case-by-case basis.
The next few articles will summarize DPR requirements in these states.
Arizona Advanced Water Purification Rules (A.A.C. R18-9-A801) Overview of Terminology The term...
Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) Introduction Direct Potable Reuse (DPR) Defined Direct Potable Reuse...
Final Lead Copper Rule Improvements This is an update to the article titled “EPA Releases...
National Pollution Discharge Elimination System 101 In my previous article titled “Surface Water...
Aquifer Water Quality Standards Update Background The Arizona Department of Environmental Quality...
About The Author
At NJBSoft, we’re proud to collaborate with experts like Robert Hollander, P.E., whose extensive experience in water quality and regulatory compliance allows us to design SAMS in order to meet industry needs. Bob’s leadership and deep industry knowledge supports utilities in staying organized, compliant, and focused on protecting public health every day.
Robert Hollander
- 45 years of experience in water quality, regulatory compliance, and utility management
- President of Hollander Consulting Services
- Held senior roles at the City of Peoria, City of Phoenix, and the Arizona Department of Environmental Quality
- Served as President of the AZ Water Association and the Western Coalition of Arid States
- Licensed Professional Engineer in Arizona with multiple Grade 3 operator certifications
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